ATLASResearch
methods
Qualitative + Mixed methods/ Sampling

Theoretical sampling

Let emerging concepts determine the next data to collect

Theoretical sampling is an iterative grounded theory procedure in which emerging categories direct further data collection. Researchers select people, incidents, settings or documents to elaborate properties, compare conditions and investigate gaps in the developing explanation. It begins after some analysis has occurred and differs from specifying all participant categories in advance through purposive sampling.

WHEN IT FITS

Use while developing grounded theory when collection and analysis can proceed together and the project retains access and flexibility to pursue emerging conceptual questions.

Strengths

  • Directly targets gaps in an emerging explanation
  • Supports comparison of conditions and negative cases

Limitations

  • Requires flexible recruitment and ongoing analytical capacity
  • Fixed deadlines or access restrictions can prevent needed comparisons

Know the boundary

A diverse sample chosen entirely before analysis is not theoretical sampling.

USED ACROSS
Banking & financeBusiness & MBAPsychologyComputer scienceEducation