Framework analysis
Compare cases through a case-by-theme matrix
Framework analysis organises qualitative data in a matrix with cases as rows and analytical categories as columns. Researchers develop and apply a framework, then chart summarised material while retaining links to original accounts. It supports systematic within-case and cross-case comparison and can incorporate inductive and deductive categories. Interpretation remains necessary beyond filling cells with summaries.
Choose for applied questions with comparable topics across participants and a team needing a transparent analytical structure. Ensure data are sufficiently similar for matrix comparison without erasing individual context.
Strengths
- Makes cross-case comparison and team discussion explicit
- Maintains a route from summaries to source accounts
Limitations
- Charting can flatten complexity and narrative sequence
- Poorly chosen categories can prematurely narrow analysis
Know the boundary
A matrix is an organising tool, not a substitute for interpretative analysis or a numerical prevalence table.